In the realm of cancer detection and screening, various methods are employed to identify and diagnose the presence of cancerous cells or tumours. One such method is sigmoidoscopy, which plays a crucial role in examining the lower part of the colon and rectum. However, it’s important to understand that while sigmoidoscopy can aid in the detection of certain types of cancer, it is not comprehensive enough to identify all forms of cancer. In this blog, we will delve into the specifics of sigmoidoscopy and its role in cancer detection.
A sigmoidoscopy is a medical procedure performed by a healthcare professional to examine the rectum and the sigmoid colon, which is the lower part of the colon. During the procedure, a thin, flexible tube called a sigmoidoscope is inserted into the rectum and advanced through the sigmoid colon. The sigmoidoscope is equipped with a light and a camera, allowing the doctor to visualize the lining of the colon and rectum on a monitor.
The Purpose of Sigmoidoscopy
The primary purpose of sigmoidoscopy is to detect abnormalities, such as polyps, ulcers, inflammation, or tumours, in the lower part of the colon and rectum. It helps doctors evaluate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, or unexplained abdominal pain. Sigmoidoscopy can also be used as a screening tool for colon cancer, especially in individuals at average risk or those with a family history of colorectal cancer.
Colon Cancer Detection with Sigmoidoscopy
While sigmoidoscopy is effective in detecting abnormalities in the lower part of the colon, it is important to note that it only examines about one-third to one-half of the colon. This means that sigmoidoscopy cannot detect cancers or polyps in the upper two-thirds of the colon, which is why it is not considered a comprehensive screening method for all types of colon cancer.
However, sigmoidoscopy can be valuable in detecting cancers or precancerous polyps in the lower part of the colon and rectum. If any abnormalities are detected during the sigmoidoscopy, further diagnostic tests, such as a colonoscopy, may be recommended to examine the entire colon and rectum. A colonoscopy involves a longer, flexible tube that allows the doctor to examine the entire colon and remove any abnormal growths for further examination.
While sigmoidoscopy is a valuable tool for examining the lower part of the colon and rectum, it is not sufficient as a standalone method for detecting all types of colon cancer. It can identify abnormalities and provide insights into potential issues in the lower part of the colon, but it does not cover the upper two-thirds of the colon. For a comprehensive evaluation of the entire colon, a colonoscopy is recommended. Therefore, a combination of screening methods, including sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and stool tests, is often utilized to ensure thorough and effective cancer detection.
If you have concerns about colon cancer, it is important to discuss the most appropriate screening options with your healthcare provider. Canmed Endoscopy Centre Hamilton provides a range of endoscopic procedures, including sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and gastroscopy, in Hamilton. Our experienced team provides high-quality care and accurate diagnoses. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and take proactive steps toward your health.